Pre-Mortem

The pre-mortem exploits a cognitive asymmetry: people are far better at explaining past events than predicting future ones. By placing the team in a fictional future where failure has already occurred, it bypasses the social pressure to conform and the planning fallacy that makes teams overconfident. It transforms the question from 'what could go wrong?' (which triggers defensiveness) to 'what did go wrong?' (which triggers creative storytelling).

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